Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Vitamin D insufficiency (25-hydroxy vitamin D <50 nmol/l) is a global health problem. Vitamin D food fortification might be the solution, but knowledge is sparse on whether fortification of various food items affects the bioavailability differently. It is generally assumed that ingesting vitamin D with a fatty meal improves the bioavailability of vitamin D. Furthermore, complex formation with whey protein isolate (WPI) may enhance the stability of vitamin D a...

Introduction: Hyponatremia (serum sodium ≤135 mmol/l), the most common electrolyte disorder encountered, has been associated with increased mortality in patients with particularly cancer, heart failure, chronic kidney and liver disease. However, evidence of the clinical implications in broader populations is scarce, and uncertain due to confounding from preexisting disease. We aimed to examine the association between admission-hyponatremia and 30-day mortality in acute n...

Empagliflozin is a potent, highly selective sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor in development for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study assessed the effects of empagliflozin on the QT interval. Thirty healthy subjects (14/16 female/male; mean [range] age 34.5 [18–52] years) received single doses of 25 mg (within therapeutic range) and 200 mg (supratherapeutic) empagliflozin and 400 mg moxifloxacin as positive ...

Background: Cardiovascular safety is important for antidiabetic agents. This study followed the ICH E14 guideline to examine the effect of the oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor linagliptin on the cardiac QT interval in healthy volunteers.Methods: This thorough QT study of linagliptin was performed in healthy subjects, using 5 mg (therapeutic dose) and 100 mg. The randomised, single-dose, placebo-controlled, double-blind, four-way crossover st...

Objective: Opioids are among the most commonly used symptomatic treatments of somatoform pain disorder. Human and animal studies suggest that chronic exposure to opioids suppresses the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. We report on a rare case of secondary adrenal failure and secondary amenorrhea due to hydromorphone treatment.Case report: A 32-year-old female patient presented with fatigue, weakness, orthos...

Objective: Benzodiazepines are among the most commonly used symptomatic treatment of insomnia and anxiety. Human and animal studies suggest that benzodiazepines suppress the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. We report on a rare case of isolated ACTH deficiency due to long-term treatment with flunitrazepam.Case report: A 66-year-old man presented to our outpatient department with persistent feelings of physical exhaustion, low vitality, reduced da...

Objective: Despite combination with peripheral decarboxylase inhibitors significant amounts of L-dopa are peripherally metabolised. In patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) treated with L-dopa and a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, urinary dopamine concentrations are markedly elevated. We describe here a L-dopa treated PD patient presenting with a clinical and biochemical picture suspicious of phaeochromocytoma.Case report: A 73-year-old female patien...

Objective: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia results from 21-hydroxylase deficiency in more than ninety percent of cases. The classical form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency presents in the neonatal period with virilization or adrenal insufficiency, with or without concurrent salt wasting. We report on a rare case of classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency diagnosed in late adulthood.Case report: A 39-year-old male patient presented for workup of infertility. Urologi...